Exam #2 concept sheet

Disclaimer—THIS IS NOT EXHAUSTIVE BUT IS JUST A GUIDE

Watch for updates—this is in progress!

_{DON’T FORGET YOUR PENCIL AND CALCULATOR}

Chapter 4     

Solution concentrations; especially molarity

Dissolution of compounds

             —soluble ionic and covalent compounds (aqueous solutions)

             —general ideas of how solution formation occurs

             —number of particles generated when different compounds dissolve

Precipitation reactions

             —balancing

             —completion (given aqueous solutions mixed, determine formulas and amounts of products)

             —determining formula and name of precipitate

             —complete molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations

             —stoichiometric calculations

Acids and bases

             —identification and names of strong and weak acids and bases

             —reactions of acids and bases (esp. neutralization reactions)

             —complete molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations

             —stoichimetric calculations

Oxidation-reduction reactions (Redox)

             —assigning oxidation numbers

             —identifying substance oxidized (reducing agent) and/or substance reduced (oxidizing agent)

             —writing half-reactions

             —balancing redox reactions

Classification of reactions (common types include precipitation, acid-base, redox, combination, decomposition, combustion, etc.)

Chapter 5     

Ideal gases and their characteristics

Combined gas law (P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂) and ideal gas law (PV = nRT) problems

Stoichiometric calculations involving gases

             —atomic numbers and mass numbers

             —column and periods

             —column numbers and family names

             —metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

             —main group, transition metals, and inner transition metals (lanthanides & actinides)

Diffusion and effusion (concepts and calculations)

Kinetic molecular theory (concepts and calculations—no, you don’t have to memorize all the formulas)

Ideal vs. real gases

             —differences

             —conditions favoring ideal behavior

Good luck and try not to stress out!